It is hard to learn a beach unless you are there, obviously - and unfortunately
To expand on what jaffa said, keep in mind that waves break over sandbars, banks, reefs etc. A wave will generally break in water that has a depth of 1.3X it’s height
https://surfing-waves.com/waves/how_waves_break.htmSo for a given wave height, whether it breaks or not depends on the depth. Which in turn depends on the tide - a 2ft wave might break on one beach at high tide, but the sandbar on the beach next door might be 6ft deep at high tide and so the same wave doesn’t break at all. It might be good at low tide, but the sandbar at the first beach is fully exposed at low tide and unsurfable
Then you have swell direction -a wave coming from the SE might hit a sand bar straight on and close out or might hit it at a great angle for creating a long peeling wave. Or there might be a headland that blocks the swell entirely
Then you get wind and period and swell size. Etc
In any case, when a swell is of marginal height it’s pretty hard to say whether it’s surfable at any particular beach, unless you know that specific beach. If the swell is bigger - say 4-6 foot - you at least know there will be waves. They may not be good surfing waves everywhere (wrong direction) or might be hard to surf (eg fast breaking at low tide), but something will be breaking
So...it’s just one of those things. You have to try and see. Ideally scout out 3-5 potential beaches/breaks (that face different directions etc) and that gives you some flexibility. If one isn’t working, another one might be.