Useful facts about Zinc oxide sunblock

[billie_morini]

dtc,
two thoughts:
1. The Australia system you described is the same for my nephews in Germany, except they have 13 years of schooling before Uni

2. Compliment accepted. Makes me think, "See? Surfers are not dumb!"

[oldmansurfer]

If USA did the same selection process I would most likely have surfed a lot more as there is no way I would get into college. I got a D in highschool chem but did much better in college. That is an interesting process to treat contaminated groundwater. Thanks for posting it.

[RinkyDink]

Rinky,
It's sad to hear about your family's woes with cancer. Some of my wife's family have had similar.

Now, I hope to provide some good news about your beloved ozone layer. Here's news that is only 2 days old.

"The Antarctic ozone layer is showing signs of healing, according to scientists from the US and UK. The finding marks a success for an international treaty set up to protect the ozone layer and phase out ozone-depleting chemicals."

Full story here: http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/2016/ ... yer-mend-1

Yeah, the way the world handled CFCs has definitely helped mend the ozone layer. Unfortunately, I'm not that confident about the way we are dealing with climate change.

http://climate.nasa.gov/evidence/

[billie_morini]

Rinky,
the climate has always fluctuated. There is nothing you can do about it and the global warming caused by man argument is baloney.
billie

[RinkyDink]

Rinky,
the climate has always fluctuated. There is nothing you can do about it and the global warming caused by man argument is baloney.
billie

Yeah, that's what the deniers say, but look closely at the NASA chart and read what it says.

[billie_morini]

Rinky,
you really don't want to get into this with me. I held a research position at the University of Stuttgart ("the UC Berkeley of Germany") for a few years when man-made global warming was a hot and heavy topic. Many score of my colleagues were actively engaged in climate change research. I also served on an multi-national EU panel for predicting natural disasters. Following this, I worked directly for Lorne Everett, PhD, DSc for 5 years. Dr. Everett is one of about 40 elite world class scientists and serves on national science committees in Canada, Russia and Italy. He has made extensive and long standing contributions to the US EPA, DOE, and NRC.

I will share that about 40% of the weather monitoring stations used to collect data for climate change modeling do not exist. I will also share that NASA has continually manipulated climate data in an attempt to drive their hypothesis. This is just the beginning of this farce. There is an unbelievable amount of bad science published that does not conform to the Scientific Method.

Call me a denier. That is better than what I call people that believe in man made global warming and/or global warming crises.
billie

[RinkyDink]

Hey Billie,

I don't really want to get into it either. At this point, I don't think it really makes a difference anyway. People just need to do their due diligence and try to get as accurate a picture on the science as they can.

[RinkyDink]

Just for educational purposes. Here's how scientists are able to get those ancient temperatures of the earth.

[saltydog]

This thread has been quite educational. My extremely limited knowledge in history tells me that the earth was quite warm back in around 1000AD when the Vikings are sailing to Canada and that global warming is somewhat cyclical in nature.

https://wattsupwiththat.com/paleoclimate/

[Big H]

I'm so glad there are smart people in the world doing this important stuff so I can continue to live well.

+1


.....I can make you a helluva steak......

[BoMan]

My students debated the topic "Is global warming real?" The affirmative team presented the following resources. We agreed to walk more and drive less just in case they are right.


The carbon cycle shows the movement of carbon between land, atmosphere, and oceans in billions of tons per year. Net ocean uptake = 2. Net atmospheric uptake = 4. Net terrestrial uptake = 3.

According to the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration...
Carbon Cycle http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/research/themes/carbon/

The amount of CO2 in the atmosphere has been increasing globally since the onset of the industrial revolution. Based on 50 years of direct observations of the atmosphere, it is clear that this trend continues and is accelerating.

Ocean Acidification http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/co2/story/What+is+Ocean+Acidification%3F

Increasing CO2 in the atmosphere directly translates to increasing acidity of the oceans. Carbon dioxide dissolves in water to form carbonic acid, which is corrosive to the shells and skeletal material of many marine organisms including oysters, clams, sea urchins, shallow water corals, deep sea corals, and calcareous plankton... When shelled organisms are at risk, the entire food web may also be at risk. Today, more than a billion people worldwide rely on food from the ocean as their primary source of protein.

Like Billie, I will have to find a way to live near the ocean!

[billie_morini]

Just for educational purposes. Here's how scientists are able to get those ancient temperatures of the earth.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oHzADl-XID8

Well, that is one way. My own published research conducted between 1985 and 1991 involved oxygen and carbon stable isotopes.

[billie_morini]

This thread has been quite educational. My extremely limited knowledge in history tells me that the earth was quite warm back in around 1000AD when the Vikings are sailing to Canada and that global warming is somewhat cyclical in nature.

https://wattsupwiththat.com/paleoclimate/

Educational? Perhaps. Surf Chat? Probably not.


Forum moderators will either declare this thread as "epic" or they may lock it up!

[billie_morini]

BoMan wrote: "We agreed to walk more and drive less just in case they are right. "
billie writes: "Moderation is okay, except when it comes to surfing. Rarely are there ever enough good waves!"

BoMan wrote: "Like Billie, I will have to find a way to live near the ocean!"
billie writes: "Okay, just so not too many people come here. We don't want North America to tip over!"

Inquiring minds want to know: Where did billie get the crazy idea the continent could capsize if too many people lived on the edge? Well, right here from a US government congressman (and let's not forget the US President informed the world in 1979 we were headed for an Ice Age).

[billie_morini]

Just for educational purposes. Here's how scientists are able to get those ancient temperatures of the earth.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oHzADl-XID8

Well, that is one way. My own published research conducted between 1985 and 1991 involved oxygen and carbon stable isotopes.

WHOOPS! My keyboard slipped. Let's try this again.

Well, that is one way. My own published research conducted between 1985 and 1991 involved measuring oxygen and carbon stable isotopes in caliche nodules. These stable isotopes are useful in evaluating temperature, carbon dioxide, and some other related parameters. The caliche nodules were collected from five different Permian sedimentary environments in Colorado and New Mexico. These sedimentary environments formed while ancient mountains predating the Rocky Mountains rose and sea level retreated.

[RinkyDink]

Just for educational purposes. Here's how scientists are able to get those ancient temperatures of the earth.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oHzADl-XID8

Well, that is one way. My own published research conducted between 1985 and 1991 involved oxygen and carbon stable isotopes.

WHOOPS! My keyboard slipped. Let's try this again.

Well, that is one way. My own published research conducted between 1985 and 1991 involved measuring oxygen and carbon stable isotopes in caliche nodules. These stable isotopes are useful in evaluating temperature, carbon dioxide, and some other related parameters. The caliche nodules were collected from five different Permian sedimentary environments in Colorado and New Mexico. These sedimentary environments formed while ancient mountains predating the Rocky Mountains rose and sea level retreated.

There must be a discrepancy then between the data of your investigation and the ice core data NASA cites since you don't find the results of your investigation alarming. Were you studying the temperature fluctuations of the earth over a 400,00 year period? Do you think the ice core data NASA cites has errors or could your research results be flawed?

[jaffa1949]

Uncle Jaffa's moderation of this debate, and information cycle.
Global warming and climate fluctuations are real but are mainly driven by natural cycles.
Solar fluctuations, ice ages due to volcanic dust ,, change of oceanic currents due to tectonic plate movement. Anything that changes the albedo of the atmosphere, land or sea surface.
Paleo-Anthropology suggests much of early human migrations ( which can be evidenced through mitochondrial DNA and paleo technology similarities) moved through gaps in the advancing and retreating ice sheets of the last ice ages.
The Australian Aboriginals migrated across from Africa via India and the Indonesian Archipelago arrived somewhere between 50 to 60 thousand years ago , prior to the last sea level rise they hunted on the plains and mountain slopes where the Great Barrier Reef is now.
Consider this if we have sea level rise ( as predicted) most world wide coastal cities will inundated and backflushed by the rise. Island nations will be drowned.
Ice age = northern hemisphere and alpine cities will be crushed by ice sheets enough to gouge the likes of the great lakes, sea level will drop by huge margins and the whole eco system of the planet will realign with new deserts and old being increased by changed rainfall and prevailing wind patterns.
Which would be worse ice age or sea level rise ???


BTW the earth has had geologic periods where it was almost a complete snowball and other periods where it had very high CO2 content in the atmosphere , the continents were different position , the Sahara was a grass land , there was no anthropomorphic reason for that change
to desert.
My simple answer is do not worry about the issues of climate change rather do what you can in being responsible in your usage of natural resources, ( the planet is a closed dynamic system) much that we use can be recycled.
Failure to look at recycling as a resource but rather looking for further "natural" supplies based on economic theory is a problem.
I feel debate on small forums like this is valuable , this moderator will not be closing it down!

[billie_morini]

Rinky,
Oh, 400,000 years? Yawn. My peer-reviewed published research addresses an 18 million year period. I’m not pulling your leg.

During this 18 million year period:
1) temperature increased by 15 degrees Celsius (59F),
2) precipitation decreased,
3) plant life decreased, and
4) carbon dioxide in soil increased.

The best part? It was a very long time ago; about 250 million years before man.

Don't get so wound up by the climate change stuff you see in magazines and videos. You’d stronger cite stronger references if you were truly in this field. Don't overlook the NASA graph you enthusiastically crow about doesn't show a big spike in temperature for modern times. The spike is for CO2 concentration. While CO2 may be increasing, temperature is not increasing in any meaningful way. What 1 to 3 degrees Celsius, depending on the source? Some credible research even suggests its holding steady or even decreasing. While harping on CO2, do not overlook the huge benefit associated with increases in this compound. Ask any botanist; plants love increased CO2. And plants make more O2 for you!

The primary problem with the global warming movement is it is off the rails in terms of the Scientific Method. It is not the first time. As hinted in a previous post, the US government, under the leadership of President Jimmy Carter, warned we were heading for an ice age. The year? 1979. Carter and his cabinet were so convinced he signed the National Climate Program Act. Why did the US government think severe global cooling would occur and cause total mayhem? Because scientists’ research told them so.

Did we have an ice age? I’ll let you answer that question.

[billie_morini]

Jaffa,
you really shouldn't encourage me.
billie

[BoMan]

jaffa1949 -Global warming and climate fluctuations are real but are mainly driven by natural cycles. Solar fluctuations, ice ages due to volcanic dust ,, change of oceanic currents due to tectonic plate movement.

In addition to the natural cycles, human population growth must be considered.

World Population Growth

https://ourworldindata.org/world-population-growth/

More people drive more cars, consume more electricity and cut down more forests.

World Increase in CO2
http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/global.html

More CO2 contributes to global warming.

jaffa1949 - Do what you can in being responsible in your usage of natural resources, ( the planet is a closed dynamic system) much that we use can be recycled. Failure to look at recycling as a resource but rather looking for further "natural" supplies based on economic theory is a problem.

Well said!