You can rent equipment all along the coast - there are various rental shops even in the smallest beach hamlet. One of the better known ones close to Bordeaux would probably be Lacanau. A bit more south, very beginner friendly is Biscarosse Plage. Definitely rent a car. Public transport does not get you to your spot without wasting too much time. 3/2 wetsuit is enough and as the best wind conditions are typicallly in the morning, i recommend a full suit.
In terms of wind, best time is in the morning, but it depends more on the spot - some spots work better at special tides. Wannasurf and the Strom Rider guide give some first guidance, shop or school personal will be able to help you further.
Beach Camping is not tolerated and heavily fined.
If you have not been there, beware of partly very strong current, they have a local phenomen called Baïne that can get nasty: if you are a beginner, I suggest taking a lesson at the start, some great guys e.g at Kiwi Surf in Biscarosse. They will also give you some local advice.
But....
I just remembered that I hurricane is coming and checked the forecast. I suggest to go further south and watch the WSL in Hossegor. With one month of surfing in Bali, you will struggle to surf in this and the sandbars don't hold waves of that size well.
