Salute Adjani,
Congratulations on completing your Uni degree and having the surfing stoke. And, yes, Tofino, BC is a long way from any location in Quebec.
The largest problem you will face in finding employment in the US is finding an employer that will sponsor your working Visa. The majority of employers in the US will not do this for entry level professional positions. This is because sponsoring a work Visa takes time for documentation and money for fees from the employer. There is often the possibility to work in unprofessional jobs, like waitress for example, informally. In American English and, probably Canadian, too, it is called working "under the table" (sous la table). This type of arrangement is more frequently found in tourist areas like San Francisco, Los Angeles, the beach in New Jersey, and New York City.
All that said, you'd like a city that offers surfing and public transportation. San Francisco is a good option because the public transportation is very good. Santa Cruz, California, is a good option because it is small enough that you can cover a lot of it with a bicycle and buses. Portions of San Diego also have good public transportation. Los Angeles has surfing, but the public transportation is SLOW.
Easy ways to look for legal employment:
1. use the Craigslist website for major cities
2. look in on-line newspapers for the cities that interest you
3. specifically for Santa Cruz, do the above and subscribe to
http://www.santacruzjobs.com/ to receive weekly job announcements
4. review on-line offerings from temporary employment agencies in the cities that interest you. The names of larger temporary agencies are: Kelly Services, Apple One Temporary Agency, and Manpower,
There is no way to find under the table jobs from long-distance. You have to meet people face to face.
As much as we'd enjoy having you here in the US, you may find it easier to find employment in Canada. There reportedly are 60 surf breaks on the west coast and 56 surf breaks on the east coast. Sounds like a lot of selection to me.